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EDIRNE (ADRIONOPLE)

Edirne is a historical city and has preserved its importance and value throughout history. It is known that Edirne was founded by the Thracians who migrated from Central Asia and settled here in ancient times. Later, Alexander the Great included these places within the borders of the Macedonian Empire These lands, which were dominated by the Romans, fell into the area of Eastern Byzantium with the division of the Roman Empire into two in 395.

The city was rebuilt by the Roman Emperor Hadrianus II, and also was named after him (Hadrianapolis). The Avar Turks besieged this place in 586, but they returned without getting it. The Bulgarian Turks managed to capture the city in 914. This city, which later passed to Byzantium and was besieged for the second time by the Pecheneg Turks in 1050 and 1078, was finally conquered by Sultan Murat I in 1361 and became the throne (head) city of the Ottoman Empire and was the capital city for 92 years until Istanbul was conquered in 1453.Those years were the most glorious days of its history.

Edirne entered a period of decline in 18th.century. Two big fires in 1745 and 1751 destroyed big part of Edirne.

The first occupation disaster of Edirne was that the Russians entered the city and stayed for a few months on August 22, 1829. Edirne also witnessed the 13-month occupation of the Russians on January 20, 1887, four months of the Bulgarians on March 26, 1913, and the two-year occupation of the Greeks in the 1920s. The city of Edirne, which today has the border gates of our country to Europe by road, was liberated from the enemy occupation on 25 November 1922.

There are Istranca Mountains in the north, Ergene Basin in the middle, mountains and plateaus and Meriç Delta in the south.

The largest of the rivers in Edirne is the Meriç river. The length of the river forming a border with Greece is 187 kilometers along the Turkish lands and border. The part that passes through the Turkish lands in the Karaağaç triangle is approximately 13 kilometers. In Edirne, there are Tunca, Arda and Ergene rivers besides the Meriç River. Twelve kilometers of the Tunca river, which has a total length of 56 kilometers, forms a border with Bulgaria.

A continental climate prevails in Edirne. The winter months are very cold and long, and the summer months are hot. It rains mostly in the spring. The most hot months are July and August. The coldest months are January and February.

Edirne has 5 border gates that connect our country to Europe by road and rail. Kapıkule border gate is the largest land and railway border gate of our country. Apart from Kapıkule, which opens to Europe through Bulgaria, there are Ipsala and Pazarkule border gates connecting Greece and Turkey. In addition, there is a railway border gate from Uzunköprü to Greece.

Edirne was an important educational and cultural center during the Ottoman Empire. During the Republic period, there had been a rapid development in education in Edirne, and the literacy rate reached 99% in recent years. There are no villages in Edirne without a school. Apart from a university, there are 180 primary schools, 20 high schools, 15 vocational high schools and equivalent schools, 3 private schools, 2 private kindergartens and 94 pre-school kindergartens in the city.

Edirne also has a rich culture due to its location that unites Anatolia to Europe. There are 612 historical artifacts reflecting the Ottoman Turkish culture throughout the city.

Traditional Oil Wrestling Festival is organised every year and people visit the city from different cities and countries.There are beatiful mosques and bazaars from Ottoman Period such as;

Selimiye Mosque

Üç Şerefeli Mosque

Old Mosque

Covered Bazaar

Sultan Beyazıd Complex

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